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The United Nations
The United Nations came into existence in the year 1945 i.e. the
year in which World War II came to an end. The World War Ii had caused great
miseries and destruction throughout the world. Cities and towns were ruined and
industries destroyed. Hundreds and thousands of people lost their lives and
livelihood. Then mankind could understand that waging wars of this magnitude
was the greatest folly. It became clearly evident that the next world war would
be far fiercer which could destroy the whole of humanity and the world. It was
thought that enormous wealth which is spent on wars could be used to bring
happiness, prosperity and development for all the nations. It was this very though
that gave birth to the establishment of the United Nations.
The first and foremost aim of United Nations Organization (UNO) known as U.N. is to promote peace and security for every nation by avoiding every kind of war. UNO also made a declaration of human rights which included right of every human being to live as a free citizen and have equal rights to education, travel, worship and no discrimination based on religion or sex. The UNO has been trying very hard to implement these human rights through the active support and cooperation of the member nations. During the last fifty eight years of its existence, UNO, through its most important organ the Security Council, is trying its best to maintain peace among the member countries. It is always ready to listen to the problems of the member countries and tries to sort out them through discussions at various forums. During this period, UNICEF which another agency of UNO is helping various countries in programmers of education of children, in teacher training, in the education of disabled children etc.,
Many countries have been benefited from the works of UNICE. One such programmed
in India is ‘Anganwadi’ for the development of poor children for their
education, health and entertainment. Another important organization of the UNO
is the World Health Organization (WHO) which is helping nations to improve
their health services by preventing spread of diseases.
UNO has still on hand various problems with which it started fifty eight years
back. These problems are many and varied out of which world peace and security
of each nation are the basic problems. Then there are problems of poor health,
lack of education, uncontrollable population growth, poverty in many countries
and illiteracy. Now everything depends upon how all these problems are tackled.
The UNO has taken the lead role in preventing the use of atomic and other
destructive weapons. Now there are signs that the world is gradually realizing
the dangers in production and piling up of destructive weapons.
The outbreak of war on various occasions has been prevented by U.N.O. A war
between England and Egypt over the question of Suez Canal was prevented and it
checked the Korean war & Arab – Israel war from turning into a world war.
In fact, UNO is the only hope of world peace in the present scenario. It is the
efforts of UNO that ceasefire could be achieved between Irag and Iran and thus
a decade old war was stopped from turning into a World War. It has also tried
to solve the problem of Kashmir between India and Pakistan, though this issue
is still lingering on and Pakistan is trying to take advantage of everything
and at the same time creating terror in the valley.
Many countries think that UNO is dominated by the US block and it is not able
to work impartially. They believe that UNO could not do anything to solve the
problem of Vietnam which was attacked by USA in a very severe manner. Also the
genocide of East Bengal could not be stopped by it. Even Israel invaded Lebanon
and massacred thousands of innocent Palestininians and UNO could not do
anything. The big five countries make the working of UNO ineffective by
exercising their veto power at the time of crucial decisions. It was only after
twenty – five long years of efforts that Red China got its appropriate status
in this organization. However, in spite of all such shortcomings, the
membership of UNO is increasing with the passage of time and always more &
more countries are opting to be member of the UNO. To make it a big success, it
requires the help and cooperation of all the member nations. It is essential
that membership of the Security Council should be increased so as to give this
organization a universal look for welfare of mankind.
No single country (USA)
should be allowed to dominate the proceedings of this organization. This world
power rather should work with a constructive and progressive attitude towards
all the nations.
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